Functional Anatomy | Weatherford College

The relationship of the musculoskeletal and neuromuscular systems to normal and abnormal movement. Forty-eight lecture hours and sixty–four lab hours per semester.

Course Learning Objectives

Given the classroom and/or laboratory sessions, textbook/s, personal notes, handouts and other material, the student should be able to:

Identify and analyze actions and interactions of selected muscles and joints of the human body.
Identify and analyze actions and interactions of muscles and joints of the human body during gait.

Student Learning Outcomes

Identify and analyze actions and interactions of selected muscles and joints of the human body. (F1, F10, F11, C5, C7)
1. Define terms related to functional anatomy.
2. Define the anatomical subdivisions of the body.
3. Define and describe the rationale for anatomical position.
4. Identify terms of direction and relationship of body structures.
5. Identify the planes of the body.
6. Identify and explain terms of movement related to the function of the musculoskeletal system.
7. Identify lever and force systems and relate them to the function of the musculoskeletal system.
8. Identify the types, configurations, and specialized characteristics of connective tissue.
9. Identify the types, configurations, and specialized characteristics of muscle tissue.
10. Identify the types, configurations, and specialized characteristics of nervous tissue.
11. Identify and describe types of joints.
12. List and describe types of muscle contraction / muscle tension and relate them to the function of the musculoskeletal system.
13. Define and differentiate normal resting tone, muscle spasm, and spasticity.
14. Define and describe active and passive insufficiency and relate them to the function of the musculoskeletal system.
15. Define and explain the differing roles muscles can assume in producing movement.
16. Identify joint structure; normal joint range of motion, selected ligament location and function; muscle origin, insertion, innervation and action; and unique characteristics of the joint complexes listed below.

Elbow and Forearm
Wrist and Hand
Shoulder
Knee
Pelvis and Hip
Ankle and Foot
Back and Neck
Head
Thorax
1. Palpate selected bony landmarks, ligaments, and muscle bellies, origins, and insertions of the joint complexes listed in 1.17.
2. Recognize results of muscle atrophy on surface anatomy.
Identify and analyze actions and interactions of muscles and joints of the human body during gait. (F1, F10, F11, C5, C7)
1. Define terms related to gait.
2. Identify and describe the phases of gait.
3. Identify joint actions during each phase of gait.
4. Describe gravity and momentum in relation to gait.
5. Deduce the muscles that are active during each phase of gait.
6. Describe selected gait deviations and their possible causes.

Teaching Methods and Learning Experiences

Lectures, laboratory activities, reading assignments, individual and/or group projects and assignments. Some components of this course will be computer based. Student access to a computer/printer will be required for completing assignments. Computers are available to students in the Academic Support Center in the Mineral Wells Education Center.

Course Requirements

1. Complete all lab assignments and check offs (passing all check offs).

2. Complete all quizzes (see “Quizzes” below).

3. Complete and pass all lab practical examinations.

4. Complete all unit exams – must have an average above 70%.

5. Complete the final exam.

Required Textbooks

Clinical Kinesiology and Anatomy; 6^th Edition; Lippert; F.A. Davis, 2017

Laboratory Manual for Clinical Kinesiology and Anatomy, 4^th Edition, Lippert, F.A. Davis, 2017

Course Packet: PTHA 1413 Course Packet (available in Canvas classroom)

Evaluation Standards

Grade Compilation:

Unit Exams	50%
Lab Practicals/check offs	15%
Labs Activities/quizzes/assignments	15%
Final Exam	20%

Grading Scale

A	90-100%
B	80-89%
C	75-79%
F	<75%

Failed Lab Practical and Skills Check offs

Lab practical examinations and/or skills check-offs will be given to assess the student’s proficiency in laboratory skills taught. ALL lab skill check-off assessments and Lab Practical examinations must be successfully completed and passed. When lab skill check-offs are assigned prior to a lab practical examination, failure to complete ANY of the laboratory skills check offs will result in the inability to sit for the lab practical, resulting in a grade of zero. Students are required to pass all lab practical examinations and skills check offs with a minimum of 75% in order to pass the class. The student will be given 3 opportunities to correct a failed lab practical exam (LPE) and/or check-offs with grade deductions for each attempt. In the event that the student does not pass a LPE or a check off, the student will fail the lab portion of the class, and fail the course and will not be allowed to continue in the PTA program. Both the lab and lecture portions of each class must be passed with a 75% for the student to receive a passing grade in the class. The grade deductions are noted in the course syllabus and on the LPE and check-off forms.

FAILURE OF AN EXAM

If a student makes below a passing grade on an exam (makes a grade below 75%) they are required to seek counseling and remediation from the instructor for the course. It is the students’ responsibility to seek out the instructor promptly for this counseling and remediation during the instructors posted office hours by appointment. If the student fails to contact the instructor within an appropriate time to get remediation prior to the next examination, they are outside the department policy and are subject to disciplinary action. The instructor and student will develop a plan for the student to show competency in knowledge of the material.

If the student fails to show competency in the subject matter, or fails to maintain an overall average above 75% on major exams, the student will not be allowed to pass the class, continue onto other coursework, or continue to clinical rotations. Major exams are defined as the all unit exams and include the final exam. They do not include quizzes, assignments, or daily coursework. All lab Practical exams and check offs must be successfully passed with a 75 or above in order to continue with the program. See the failed lab practical policy above.

For the student who scores below a 75% on a major exam, remediation and reassessment of knowledge must be done. The instructor may employ various methods to determine and reassess the competency and may require a student to retest. However, a student who makes below a 65% on a major exam, must re-test for competency. The student can bring their exam score up to a maximum of a 75% one time only, on the first failed test making a grade below a 65%. If the grade on the re-test is lower than the first attempt, the lower grade will be used in recording and calculation the exam and overall course average. Additional counseling and remediation will be necessary to ensure competency in that material. Students must make a minimum overall score of 75% and a minimum average of 75% on major exams to pass all PTHA classes and continue in the program. If a student academically fails out of the program they have a right to appeal by following the Health Science Technology Appeals procedure located in the PTA Program Student handbook. The student has the opportunity to re-apply to the program. See the Readmission policy for more information.

ACADEMIC DISMISSAL

Students in the PTA Program must successfully complete all general education courses with at least a “C” to continue in the PTA program. If a student makes below a 75% in any PTHA course, they will not be allowed to continue in the program and will be academically dismissed. Additionally, you must maintain a passing average of 75% of major exams, and pass all check offs and lab practical exams in each course to be able to show competency and continue in the program. Major exams are defined as unit tests and includes the final exam. Bonus points or extra credit points will only be awarded after competency is met. If a student does not meet the competency guidelines bonus points will not be applied. See the Bonus Point/Extra Credit Policy in the PTA Program Handbook

Students must also complete each clinical course with at least a “C” or 75% grade (see Clinical Failure policy). If these standards are not met, dismissal from the program will occur.

If the student fails a class, the student’s progression in the program will be halted. The student is then subject to the same readmission criteria as students who withdraw from the program.

Professional Behavior

Professional behavior is absolutely essential both while the individual is a student in this program as well as after graduation. The Professional Behaviors Assessment form provides a standard for behavior and a mechanism for self-assessment by the student as well as assessment by faculty during the academic component of the program. If a faculty member observes consistent failure to demonstrate acceptable professional behavior by a student, the faculty member will utilize the assessment form as a tool for counseling the student. Failure to respond appropriately to counseling regarding professional behaviors will result in dismissal from the program.

Quizzes

There are scheduled quizzes in this course. Specific dates can be found on the course schedule. The lowest quiz grade will be dropped and the remaining grades will be averaged for a total of 10% of the final grade. Missed quizzes cannot be made up. If one quiz is missed, it will be the grade that is dropped before averaging. If more than one quiz is missed, zeroes will be recorded and averaged in the final grade. The instructor reserves the right to give unannounced quizzes should it become necessary to provide motivation to stay current on class assignments.

Worksheets

There are worksheets in the course packet. They are designed to encourage advance preparation for the material covered in class. All the content necessary for completing the worksheets can be found in the assigned textbook readings. Completing the worksheets is optional (except for the Terminology Worksheet, which is required); however, extra credit will be given for completion – a maximum of five percentage points added to the student’s lowest unit exam grade, prorated for the number of worksheets completed and turned in on or before the due dates, found on the course schedule.

Videos

Gross anatomy dissection videos from the University of Wisconsin Video Library are available to view online (https://videos.med.wisc.edu/events/65/videos/). A number of them are directly related to topics covered. Students are encouraged to take advantage of this resource. It is recommended that the videos be viewed during the week that their topics are covered in class. Some students will find that it is more beneficial to view the videos before lecture, while some will prefer to view them after lecture

Course Progression

Course Outline

I. Introduction

A. Terminology

B. Anatomical Position

C. Planes of the Body

II. Levers and Muscular Action

A. Components

B. Classes

III. Tissues of the Body

A. Epithelial

B. Connective

1. Fibrous

2. Cartilage

3. Bone

C. Muscular

1. Anatomy

2. Contractile Properties

D. Nervous Tissue

1. Anatomy

2. Conduction

IV. Musculoskeletal System

A. Attachments

B. Fiber Arrangement

C. Types of Contraction

D. Muscle Actions

V. Central Neuromuscular Control

A. Brain

B. Spinal Cord

VI. Peripheral Neuromuscular Control

A. Nerve Supply

B. Muscle Spindle

C. Golgi Tendon Organ

VII.The Upper Limb

A. Elbow/Forearm

1. Bones

2. Joints

3. Muscles

4. Actions

B. Wrist/Hand

1. Bones

2. Joints

3. Muscles

4. Actions

C. Shoulder

1. Bones

2. Joints

3. Muscles

4. Actions

VIII.The Lower Limb

A. Knee

1. Bones

2. Joints

3. Muscles

4. Actions

B. Hip

1. Bones

2. Joints

3. Muscles

4. Actions

C. Ankle/Foot

1. Bones

2. Joints

3. Muscles

4. Actions

IX. The Head, Neck, & Trunk

A. Bones

B. Joints

C. Muscles

D. Actions

X. Respiration

A. Bones/Joints

B. Muscles

Actions
Gait
Upright Posture
Phases
Joint and Muscle Actions

Absences

Regular attendance in lecture and lab is critical and has a direct effect on the final grade that a student earns in class. Non-attendance on the part of a student may result in grade penalty or may lead to dismissal from the program.

A student should attend all lecture and laboratory sessions. Good "working" habits would mean arriving 10 - 15 minutes ahead of the scheduled start time of the class, staying for the complete session and returning from breaks promptly. Habitual or patterned absenteeism in lecture or lab will not be tolerated. Absences in laboratory sessions are particularly problematic because of the lost opportunity to practice skills for them self, and for their lab partner; therefore, students are responsible for arranging to acquire any skills missed during a laboratory absence. Note, not all lab experiences can be made up.

All absences must be reported to the appropriate faculty member prior to the start of class. Try to reach the faculty member by phone at their office phone number. If the faculty member cannot be reached directly, a voice mail message may be left the day of the absence. Email notification is not acceptable and should only be used if phone systems are not available. Contacting a classmate to have him/her notify the faculty member is not acceptable. Failure to notify the faculty prior to class for any absence will result in anautomatic deduction of 2 points from the student’s final grade for each episode.

The student may be allowed to miss 2 class/lab days without it adversely affecting their grade (exception: exam days, lab practical or check off days) if proper notification has been made. Every absence over the allotted 2 days will result in the student’s final course grade being reduced by 2 points each absence. If the student misses more than 30 minutes of class due to being tardy or leaving early, it will constitute an absence. Three tardies, regardless of how late the student is, count as 1 day absence.

If it is necessary for a student to miss an exam, the instructor must be notified prior to the scheduled exam time and arrangements must be made for make-up. It is the instructor’s option to give the same exam as the one missed or a different exam over the same content. It is the students’ responsibility to make arrangements to make up the exam. A 5% penalty will be assessed for taking an exam out of the scheduled time. An additional 5% penalty will be assessed for each day the exam has not been made up. See missing an Exam/Test/Quiz in the PTA Program Handbook for more information.

Acceptance of Late Assignments

Projects or outside assignments are due at the beginning of class on the assigned due date. Late papers will receive a 5% per day grade penalty. This penalty will continue to be assessed each day the assignment is not turned in.

Missing an Exam

Exams are defined as formally scheduled examinations covering a major portion of the course content and cumulatively comprising a relatively large percentage of the overall grade for a course. Every effort should be made by the student to be present for all exams. If it is necessary for a student to miss an exam, the instructor must be notified prior to the scheduled exam time and arrangements must be made for make-up. It is the instructor’s option to give the same exam as the one missed or a different exam over the same content. If arrangements to make up the exam are not made within one class day, a 5% per day penalty will be assessed each day the exam is not taken.

Disabilities

ADA Statement:

Any student with a documented disability (e.g. learning, psychiatric, vision, hearing, etc.) may contact the Office on the Weatherford College Weatherford Campus to request reasonable accommodations. Phone: 817-598-6350 Office Location: Office Number 118 in the Student Services Building, upper floor. Physical Address: Weatherford College 225 College Park Drive Weatherford, TX.

Academic Integrity

Academic Integrity is fundamental to the educational mission of Weatherford College, and the College expects its students to maintain high standards of personal and scholarly conduct. Academic dishonesty of any kind will not be tolerated. Academic dishonesty includes, but is not limited to, cheating on an examination or other academic work, plagiarism, collusion, and the abuse of resource materials including unauthorized use of Generative AI. Departments may adopt discipline specific guidelines on Generative AI usage approved by the instructional dean. Any student who is demonstrated to have engaged in any of these activities will be subject to immediate disciplinary action in accordance with institutional procedures.

Hope Statement

Any student who faces challenges securing basic resources such as food, clothing, or housing and believes this may affect their performance in their course of study is urged to contact the Director of Student Resources, Dr. Deborah Cregger, for support at (817) 598-6444. Her office is on the first floor of Student Services. If the student prefers, they may contact their instructor, who can reach out on their behalf. Weatherford College also provides the Coyote Pantry. The Pantry maintains boxed and canned foods for students in need. The location of the Coyote Pantry is two blocks west of the Weatherford campus at the Baptist Student Ministry (118 E. Park Ave., Weatherford). Pantry hours are Mon-Thurs. 8:30 am-4:30 pm and Fri. 8.30 am-12:00 pm (817-599-6586).

SCANS

The Secretary’s Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS) identified Competencies in the area of Resources, Interpersonal, Information, Systems, and Technology; and foundation skills in the areas of Basic Skills, Thinking Skills, and Personal Qualities. This course is part of a program in which each of these Competencies and skills are integrated. The specific SCANS Competencies that are recognized throughout this course are noted at the end of the appropriate competencies or task listed.

SCANS COMPETENCIES

Foundation Skills	Workplace Competencies
*Basic Skills: Reads, writes, performs arithmetic & mathematical operations, listens, and speaks*	*Resources: Identifies, organizes, plans & allocates resources*
F1	Reading: Locates, understand, & interprets written information in prose & in documents such as manuals, graphs, & schedules	C1	Time & Selects goal-relevant activities, ranks them, allocates time, & prepares & follows schedules
F2	Writing: Communicates thoughts, ideas, information, & messages in writing; & creates documents such as letters, directions, manuals, reports, graphs, & flow charts	C2	Money & Uses or prepares budgets, makes forecasts, keeps records, & makes adjustments to meet objectives
F3	Arithmetic: Performs basic computations ; uses basic numerical concepts such as whole numbers, etc.	C3	Material & Facilities & Acquires, stores, allocates, & uses materials or space efficiently
F4	Mathematics: Approaches practical problems by choosing appropriately from a variety of mathematical techniques	C4	Human Resources & Assesses skills & distributes work accordingly, evaluates performance & provides feedback
F5	Listening: Receives, attends to, interprets, & responds to verbal messages & other cues	*Information: Acquires & uses information*
F6	Speaking: Organizes ideas & communicates orally	C5	Acquires & evaluates information
*Thinking Skills: Thinks creatively, makes decisions, solves problems, visualizes, knows how to learn, & reasons*	C6	Organizes & maintains information
F7	Creative Thinking: Generates new ideas	C7	Interprets & communicates information
F8	Decision Making: Specifies goals & constraints, generates alternatives, considers risks, & evaluates & chooses best alternative	C8	Uses computers to process information
F9	Problem Solving: Recognizes problems & devises & implements plan of action	*Interpersonal: Works with others*
F10	Seeing Things in the Mind’s Eye: Organizes, & processes symbols, pictures, graphs, objects & other information	C9	Participates as a Member of a Team: Contributes to group effort
F11	Knowing How to Learn: Uses efficient learning techniques to acquire & apply new knowledge & skills	C10	Teaches others new skills
F12	Reasoning: Discovers a rule or principle underlying the relationship between two or more objects & applies it when solving a problem	C11	Serves Clients/Customers: Works to satisfy customers’ expectations
*Personal Qualities: Displays responsibility, self-esteem, sociability, self-management, integrity, & honesty*	C12	Exercises Leadership: Communicates ideas to justify position, persuades & convinces others, responsibly challenges existing procedures & policies
F13	Responsibility: Exerts a high level of effort & perseveres towards goal attainment	C13	Negotiates: Works toward agreements involving exchange of resources, resolves divergent interests
F14	Self-Esteem: Believes in own self-worth & maintains a positive view of self	C14	Works with Diversity: Works well with men & women from diverse backgrounds
F15	Sociability: Demonstrates understanding, friendliness, adaptability, empathy, & politeness in group settings	*Systems: Understand complex interrelationships*
F16	Self-Management: Assesses self accurately, sets personal goals, monitors progress, & exhibits self-control	C15	Understands Systems: Knows how social, organizational, & technological systems work & operates effectively with them
F17	Integrity/Honesty: Chooses ethical courses of action	C16	Monitors & Corrects Performance: Distinguishes trends, predicts impacts on system operations, diagnoses systems’ performance & corrects malfunctions
		C17	Improves or Designs Systems: Suggests modifications to existing systems & develops new or alternative systems to improve performance
		*Technology: Works with a variety of technologies*
		C18	Selects Technology: Chooses procedures, tools or equipment including computers & related technologies
		C19	Applies Technology to Task: Understands overall intent & proper procedures for setup & operation of equipment
	Updated: Spring 2021	C20	Maintains & Troubleshoots Equipment: Prevents, identifies, or solves problems with equipment, including computers & other technologies.