An introduction to radiographic positioning terminology, manipulation of equipment, positioning and alignment of the anatomic structure and equipment, and evaluation of images for demonstration of basic anatomy.
At the end of the course the student should be able to define Radiologic positioning terms: manipulate equipment properly: position and align anatomical structures and equipment: and evaluate images for proper demonstration of anatomy.
Define radiographic positioning terms; manipulate equipment; perform basic level procedures in positioning; align anatomic structures and equipment; and evaluate images.
Course Learning Objectives:
- Interpret and explain radiologic positioning terminology and considerations.(IA, D, E;IID, E, 3A, B,C,D)
- Identify 3 major planes in the human body
- Identify the quadrants of the human body.
- Identify the 4 body types.
- Identify tissues and skeletal structure.
- Identify anatomical placement via medical and positioning terminology.
- Demonstrate locating anatomical areas via medical and positioning terminology.
- Explain general positioning considerations.
- Discuss/explain patient care considerations.
- Discuss/explain examination organizational routine.
- Discuss/explain radiation protection (ALARA concept).
- Discuss/explain the role as a member of the health care team.
- Discuss/explain emergency, trauma, mobile and surgical radiographic procedures.
- Manipulation of x-ray equipment in the examination room.(IA, C; IIB, C, D, E, F;IIID; 1C, E; 2A, D)
- Demonstrate movement of tube in all positions and using locking mechanisms.
- Demonstrate appropriate use and placement of table or upright bucky for exam.
- Demonstrate/identify appropriate SID rules for specific anatomical examinations.
- Demonstrate room set-up for efficiency and safety.
- Demonstrate/identify proper image receptor alignment with anatomical part.
- Apply critical thinking skills as it applies to patient condition and age.
- Identify and describe anatomy of the human body and its related systems.(IA, D; IID, 3A)
- Identify anatomical structures of the chest and respiratory system.
- Identify anatomical structures of the abdomen, digestive and urinary systems.
- Identify anatomical structures of the upper extremities and related musculature.
- Identify anatomical structures of the shoulder girdle and related musculature..
- Identify anatomical structures of the lower extremities and related musculature.
- Identify anatomical structures of the upper femora and pelvic girdle and the related musculature.
D. Knowledge and demonstration of accurate manipulation of the human body and use of
equipment to achieve anatomically diagnostic images.(IA, C, E; IIB, C, D, E, F; IIID; 1C, 2A; 5B)
1. Explain and demonstrate safe and proper positioning of the following chest views:
- AP/PA
- Lateral
- Obliques
- Lordotic
- Decubitus – lateral & dorsal / ventral
- Mobile/portable, wheelchair/stretcher, inspiration/expiration, etc.
2. Explain and demonstrate safe and proper positioning of the following abdomen views:
- Upright
- Supine
- Prone
- Decubitus – lateral & dorsal / ventral
- Obliques
- Mobile/portable, wheelchair/stretcher, etc.
3. Explain and demonstrate safe and proper positioning of the following upper and lower extremity along with shoulder and pelvic girdle views:
- AP/PA
- Lateral
- Ext. & Int. Obliques
- Carpal / Navicular
- Transthoracic/"Y" views of the shoulder
- Patella – different methods
- Tunnel – different methods
- Danelius-Miller / Cleaves – hip / pelvis
- Mobile/portable, wheelchair/stretcher, etc.
E. Analyze and evaluate radiographic images for proper anatomic diagnostic quality.(IA, IIC, E; 3A, B, C)
1. Evaluate and analyze images of the chest for appropriate structures/positioning.
2. Evaluate and analyze images of the abdomen for appropriate structures/positioning.
3. Evaluate and analyze images of the upper extremity for appropriate structures/positioning.
4. Demonstrate proper identifying markers for the image.
Merrill's Atlas of Radiographic Positions & Procedures, Vol. I, II, & III, (fourteenth edition) Rollins, Long, & Smith . Merrill's Atlas of Radiographic Positions & Procedures Laboratory Workbook,(fourteenth edition) Long, Smith, & Rollin
Cognitive evaluation in the lecture portion will be conducted by written examination. The written exams will consist of a variety of question types including brief essay, multiple choice, and true/false. Workbook assignments will have an assigned due date and must be turned in on the due date unless you are absent from class on that day. No late workbook assignments will be accepted. There will be a final exam covering all sections at the end of the semester. Only 1 make-up exam will be allowed during the semester, it must be scheduled immediately upon return to class, and will begin with a score of 90. There will also be one essay paper with class presentation that will count as an exam grade.
Lab class will consist of three groups consisting of eight students. The students will rotate from the energized lab to the classroom and work on various assignments as noted. Explanation of up to fifty minutes maybe necessary to prepare students for the lab activities. The lab grade will be derived from the performance of mock competencies and class participation. During each competency there will be two students in the room – one will be the patient and one will be the technologist. The student will perform the requested exam and then trade places with the other student. The student must pass the mock competency with at least a 90. If the instructor does not feel the student is competent with the exam, they may repeat the exam and the highest achievable grade would be 78. The final performance competency will be a “pick it”. This will consist of the student drawing a paper with an exam written on it from a cup. The student will perform the exam as if this were an actual patient. The mock comps are 75% and the “Pick It” will be 25%. This grade will be 25% of your didactic grade. Class participation in laboratory class will be mandatory.
Lecture: Sectional written exams will equal 45% of total grade
- Final written exams will equal 30% of total grade
- Laboratory demonstrations/comps will equal 25% of total grade
Lab: Mock Competencies will equal 75% of total lab grade
- Pick It will equal 25% of total lab grade
A= 91-100
B= 83-90
C=78-82
F= Below 77
Students must maintain a “C” (78%) or better in all courses to remain in the program. They must also be passing both lecture and lab individually to pass the course.
Students are encouraged to attend all classes. It is the students responsibility to get missed materials and assignments from the instructor. A student who misses more than four classes will receive a 10% reduction in their final grade. Arriving one minute to fifteen minutes late will receive a tardy. Three tardies will constitute an absence. A student arriving more than fifteen minutes late will be counted absent. Disrespectful behavior in class is unacceptable and will not be tolerated.
Lecture, work groups, lab exercises, audio/visual media, handouts, return demonstration. Students will practice positioning each other while instructors assist. (Positioning does require you to touch one another)
ADA Statement:
Any student with a documented disability (e.g. learning, psychiatric, vision, hearing, etc.) may contact the Office on the Weatherford College Weatherford Campus to request reasonable accommodations. Phone: 817-598-6350 Office Location: Office Number 118 in the Student Services Building, upper floor. Physical Address: Weatherford College 225 College Park Drive Weatherford, TX.
A THREE-PART FOUNDATION
I. Basic Skills: Reads, writes, performs arithmetic and mathematical operations, listens and speaks
A. Reading — locates, understands, and interprets written information in prose and in
documents such as manuals, graphs, and schedules
B. Writing — communicates thoughts, ideas, information, and messages in writing; and
creates documents such as letters, directions, manuals, reports, graphs, and flow charts
C. Arithmetic/Mathematics — performs basic computations and approaches practical
problems by choosing appropriately from a variety of mathematical techniques
D. Listening — receives, attends to, interprets, and responds to verbal messages and other
cues
E. Speaking — organizes ideas and communicates orally
II. Thinking Skills: Thinks creatively, makes decisions, solves problems, visualizes, knows
how to learn and reasons
A. Creative Thinking — generates new ideas
B. Decision Making — specifies goals and constraints, generates alternatives, considers
risks, and evaluates and chooses best alternative
C. Problem Solving — recognizes problems and devises and implements plan of action
D. Seeing Things in the Mind’s Eye — organizes, and processes symbols, pictures, graphs,
objects and other information
E. Knowing How to Learn — uses efficient learning techniques to acquire and apply new
knowledge and skills
F. Reasoning — discovers a rule or principle underlying the relationship between two or
more objects and applies it when solving a problem
III. Personal Qualities: Displays responsibility, self-esteem, sociability, self-management, and integrity and honesty
A. Responsibility — exerts a high level of effort and perseveres towards goal attainment
B. Self-Esteem — believes in own self-worth and maintains a positive view of self
C. Sociability — demonstrates understanding, friendliness, adaptability, empathy, and politeness in group settings
D. Self-Management — assesses self accurately, sets personal goals, monitors progress, and exhibits self-control
E. Integrity/Honesty — chooses ethical courses of action
FIVE COMPETENCIES
1. Resources: Identifies, organizes, plans, and allocates resources
A. Time & Selects goal-relevant activities, ranks them, allocates time, and prepares and follows schedules
B. Money & Uses or prepares budgets, makes forecasts, keeps records, and makes adjustments to meet objectives
C. Material and Facilities & Acquires, stores, allocates, and uses materials or space efficiently
D. Human Resources & Assesses skills and distributes work accordingly, evaluates performance and provides feedback
2. Interpersonal: Works with others
A. Participates as a Member of a Team & contributes to group effort
B. Teaches Others New Skills
C. Serves Clients/Customers & works to satisfy customers’ expectations
D. Exercises Leadership & communicates ideas to justify position, persuades and convinces others, responsibly challenges existing procedures and policies
E. Negotiates & works toward agreements involving exchange of resources, resolves divergent interests
F. Works with Diversity & works well with men and women from diverse backgrounds
3. Information: Acquires and uses information
A. Acquires and Evaluates Information
B. Organizes and Maintains Information
C. Interprets and Communicates Information
D. Uses Computers to Process Information
4. Systems: Understands complex inter-relationships
A. Understands Systems & knows how social, organizational, and technological systems work and operates effectively with them
B. Monitors and Corrects Performance & distinguishes trends, predicts impacts on system operations, diagnoses deviations in systems’ performance and corrects malfunctions
C. Improves or Designs Systems & suggests modifications to existing systems and develops new or alternative systems to improve performance
5. Technology: Works with a variety of technologies
A. Selects Technology & chooses procedures, tools or equipment including computers and related technologies
B. Applies Technology to Task & Understands overall intent and proper procedures for setup and operation of equipment
C. Maintains and Troubleshoots Equipment & Prevents, identifies, or solves problems with
equipment, including computers and other technologies.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS POLICY
“A student shall retain all rights to work created as part of instruction or using College District technology resources.”