Integration of patient examination techniques, including patient history and physical exam, lab studies, x-ray, pulmonary function, arterial blood gases, and invasive and noninvasive hemodynamics.
Interpret patient history and physical exam; evaluate lab studies, x-ray, pulmonary function, arterial blood gases, and invasive and noninvasive hemodynamics
I. The student will explain the use of pulmonary function equipment (C19, C20, F1, F8, F9, F12)
A. Describe the operation and use of primary volume measuring spirometers
B. Describe the operation and use of primary flow measuring spirometers
C. Describe the operation and use of plethysmographs
D. Explain how the computer interfaces are used for pulmonary function testing
II. The student will discuss pulmonary function testing associated with the FVC maneuver,
MVV, airway resistance, and compliance (C 19, C 20, F1, F3, F8, F9, F12)
A. Determine whether spirometry is acceptable and reproducible
B. Select appropriate FVC and FEV1 for reporting from a series of spirometry maneuvers
C. Identify airway obstruction using FVC and FEV1
D. Differentiate between obstruction and restriction as causes of reduced vital capacity
E. Apply volumes and capacities to the flow-volume loop
F. Distinguish between large and small airway obstruction by evaluating flow-volume
curves
G. Determine whether there is a significant response to bronchodilators
H. Identify at least two pathophysiologic conditions in which maximal inspiratory or
expiratory pressures might be abnormal
I. Recognize abnormal values for airway resistance
J. Describe the techniques for measuring pulmonary compliance and disease states
associated with abnormal values
III. The student will describe pulmonary function testing related to lung volumes (C 19, C 20, F1,
F8, F9, F12)
A. Describe the measurement of lung volumes using the open and closed circuit methods
B. Explain the advantages of measuring lung volumes using the body plethysmograph
C. Calculate residual volume, total lung capacity, and related lung volumes from simple
spirometric measures and functional residual capacity
D. Identify uneven distribution of gas in the lungs by either the single or multiple breath
nitrogen techniques
E. Describe the correct technique for measuring VTG
F. Identify air trapping and hyperinflation using measured lung volumes
G. Identify uneven distribution of gas in the lungs by single breath technique
IV. The student will describe the electrophysiology of normal ECG tracings (F1, F3, F8, F9)
A. Describe properties of the cardiac tissue
B. Identify major components of the conductive system of the heart
C. Describe the electrophysiology of the heart at the cellular level.
D. Describe the components of the action potential
E. Explain the two refractory periods of the heart
V. The student assess the electrocardiogram as it pertains to ECG electrodes and leads (F1, F8,
F9)
A. Differentiate between limb leads and chest leads
B. Explain electrical activity as recorded by limb leads and chest leads
C. Describe normal electrocardiogram configurations and their expected
measurements
D. Explain the specifics of ECG graph paper
E. Calculate heart rate using ECG strips
VI. The student will identify common dysrhythmias (F1, F8, F9, F12)
A. List the steps for ECG interpretation.
B. Identify the criteria for each of the following abnormalities an general treatment for
each
1. Sinus bradycardia
2. Sinus tachycardia
3. Sinus dysrhythmia
4. Premature atrial contraction
5. Atrial flutter
6. Atrial fibrillation
7. Premature ventricular contraction
8. Ventricular tachycardia
9. Ventricular fibrillation
10. Asystole
11. First, second, and third degree AV block
VII. The identify pharmacological agents and their influence on hemodynamic parameters (F1,
F8, F9, F12)
A. Define terminology of cardiovascular agents
B. Discuss factors affecting cardiac output and blood pressure
C. Differentiate between mechanism of action of different cardiovascular medications
D. Give examples of proper antiarrhythmic drug therapy
E. Discuss the following intravenous medications commonly used for hemodynamic
support of critically ill patients:
1. Hypertensive agents
2. Vasodilator agents
3. Vasopressor agents
4. Anti anginal agents
5. Antithrombotic agents
6. Inotropic drugs
7. Antiarrhythmic drugs
VIII. The student will summarize the technical aspects of equipment utilized during
hemodynamic monitoring (C 19, C 20, F1, F8, F9, F12)
A. Describe the function of a transducer
B. Describe the function of an amplifier
C. Describe the function of display devices and give examples of different types
D. Describe the procedure for calibration of the transducer
E. Discuss the significance of resonant frequency and describe methods used to regulate it
F. Describe normal electrical current
G. Describe the safety precautions used with electrical current
IX. The student will evaluate arterial pressure monitoring and the clinical significance of its
results (C 19, C 20, F1, F8, F9, F12)
A. Recognize and explain the following regarding arterial pressure cannulation and
monitoring
1. Indications
2. Cannulation sites
3. Possible complications
4. Normal pressure and their significance
5. Pressure waveforms
B. Identify conditions which result in an elevation of the arterial pressure
C. Identify conditions which result in a decrease of the arterial pressure
D. Describe factors which can result in inaccurate arterial pressure results
E. Calculate mean arterial pressure and state normal values
X. The student will evaluate the measurement of CVP and the clinical significance of its results
(C 19, C 20, F1, F8, F9, F12)
A. Recognize and explain the following regarding central venous pressure monitoring
1. Indications
2. Cannulation sites
3. Possible complications
4. Normal pressure and their significance
5. Pressure waveforms
6. Significance of respiratory variation in the pressure waveform
7. Methods of direct aortic pressure measurement and its significance
B. Identify conditions that may cause increase and decreased in CVP
XI. The student will evaluate the measurement of PAP and the clinical significance of its
results(C 19, C 20, F1, F8, F9, F12)
A. Recognize and explain the usage of pulmonary artery pressure monitoring
B. dentify the systolic pressure, dicrotic notch and diastolic pressure
C. Identify the conditions which may cause the elevation of PAP
XII. The student will evaluate the measurement of cardiac output and discuss the advantages
and disadvantages of each method (C 19, C 20, F1, F3, F8, F9, F12)
XIII. The student will describe the techniques used to monitor oxygenation and explain it’s
significance
6 Major Exams 60%
• Exam 1 (Course Objective I, II)
• Exam 2 (Course Objective I, II, III)
• Exam 3 (Course Objective IV, V)
• Exam 4 (Course Objective VI)
• Exam 5 (Course Objective VII)
• Exam 6 (Course Objective VIII, IX, X)
Laboratory exercises and competencies:20%
• NIOSH Manual Exercises (Course Objective I, II)
• PFT Case Study (Course Objective I, II)
• Circulatory System Exercise (Course Objectives IV, V)
• ECG I (Computer Simulation Course Objectives (IV, V)
• ECG II (Computer Simulation Course Objectives (VI)
• MI Exercise (Course Objectives (IV, V, VI)
• Online Hemodynamics Exercise (Course Objectives VIII-XII)
• Hemodynamics I (Computer Simulation Course Objectives VIII-XII)
• Hemodynamics II (Computer Simulation Course Objectives VIII-XII) or
• Hemodynamics III (Computer Simulation Course Objectives (VIII-XIII)
Final Exam (Course Objective VIII-XIII) 20%
Your attendance is the biggest predictor of your success. Attendance at every class is expected. The student will be allowed to miss 4 class days (exception test days) without it adversely affecting their grade and 2 lab days (exception check-off days) without it adversely affecting their grade. Every one absence over the allotted days will result in the student’s final grade being reduced by 10%. If the student is more than 15 minutes late to lecture or lab, this will constitute an absence. 3 tardies count as 1 day absent All students must achieve a minimum of 75% or higher to pass this course
▪ A 90-100%
▪ B 80-89%
▪ C 75-79%
▪ F <75%
A student shall retain all rights to original work created as part of instruction or using College District technology resources
ADA Statement:
Any student with a documented disability (e.g. learning, psychiatric, vision, hearing, etc.) may contact the Office on the Weatherford College Weatherford Campus to request reasonable accommodations. Phone: 817-598-6350 Office Location: Office Number 118 in the Student Services Building, upper floor. Physical Address: Weatherford College 225 College Park Drive Weatherford, TX.
The Secretary’s Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS) identified Competencies in the area of Resources, Interpersonal, Information, Systems, and Technology; and foundation skills in the areas of Basic Skills, Thinking Skills, and Personal Qualities. This course is part of a program in which each of these Competencies and skills are integrated. The specific SCANS Competencies that are recognized throughout this course are noted at the end of the appropriate Competencies or task listed.